What educational approach seeks to allow students to maintain their first language while learning English?

Additive Bilingualism is the approach that supports students in maintaining their first language while simultaneously acquiring proficiency in English. This method emphasizes the idea that being bilingual can enhance cognitive abilities, cultural awareness, and overall academic performance. In additive bilingual programs, students receive instruction in both their native language and English, which helps them build on their linguistic skills and cultural identity rather than replacing their first language with English.

The concept of additive bilingualism contrasts sharply with approaches like subtractive bilingualism, which often leads to the loss of the first language as students learn a new language. Transitional bilingualism typically focuses on eventually transitioning students entirely to the second language, which may result in the diminishing use of their first language. Monolingual education, on the other hand, does not support bilingualism at all, as it limits instruction to only one language, which can be restrictive for language learners. Thus, additive bilingualism provides a more holistic and supportive framework for dual language learners.