According to the Natural Order Hypothesis, what is essential in second language acquisition?

The Natural Order Hypothesis, proposed by linguist Stephen Krashen, suggests that language acquisition follows a predictable sequence of development, regardless of the learner's first language. The central idea behind this hypothesis is that certain grammatical structures are acquired in a specific order, and this order is not influenced significantly by the teaching methods used or by the learner’s age.

Thus, identifying predictable patterns of acquisition is essential in understanding how learners progress in their second language development. It emphasizes that while instruction can facilitate learning, the actual acquisition of language elements occurs in a natural and inherent sequence based on cognitive processes.

This perspective shifts the focus from structured grammar instruction or imitation of native speakers, which may not align with the cognitive stages of development specific to each learner. Consequently, while reading and writing skills are important for overall language proficiency, they do not directly address the essence of the Natural Order Hypothesis regarding the sequence of language acquisition.